Tracing the history of landscape painting in Provence from 1750 to 1920 highlights the region's pivotal role in the development of this major genre, fostering innovative experiments. Beginning in the 18th century with Joseph Vernet's breathtaking marine scenes and famous French port series, artists like Lacroix de Marseille and Henry d'Arles were inspired to create topographic masterpieces. Less-known artists such as Jean-Joseph-Xavier Bidauld and Jean-Antoine Constantin contributed to Provence's preference for the poetic elegance of nature, reminiscent of Italy. Marseille became a hub for regional artists in the 19th century, led by Emile Loubon, exploring new techniques in panoramic compositions. Provence's luminosity, diverse landscapes, and coastal beauty have long captivated painters, immortalizing sites like Mount Sainte-Victoire and Arles forever linked with Cézanne and Van Gogh. Marseille's proximity also drew modern painters like Braque, Derain, and Dufy, following in Cézanne's footsteps, marking the journey of modern painting.